Belize Linux Users Group

General Commands

• ls – (List Schema) This command will list the contents of your current directory. It only returns files that are not (.) “dot” files.
• mkdir – (Make Directory). With this command will create a subdirectory in your home directory.
• cd – (Change Directory) With this command you can move from your current working directory to a new directory.
• pwd – (Print Working Directory). The pwd command, when evoked, will display the absolute pathname for the directory you are currently in..
• cp – (copy). This command will copy a file from one directory to another.
• mv – (Move) this allows you to move a file from one place to another
• rm – (Remove) This command is used to delete a file.
• rmdir – (Remove Directory) This command is used to delete directories.
• clear – Clear the terminal window.
• cat – (Concatenate) Can be used to display the contents of a file on the screen.
• more – The more command is used to view files just like cat except that the more command lets you view the information 1 page at a time.
• head – The head command writes the first 10 lines of a file to the screen.
• tail – The tail command writes the last ten lines of a file to the screen.
• grep – The grep command will search a file for specified words or patterns and prints out each line in which the word or pattern occurs.
• wc – (Word Count) this gives a word count for a specific filename.
• Ping – allows to determine if a hosts Ethernet configuration is good.
• Traceroute – allows you see the path that a packet must travel to get to its destination.
• Ns lookup – allows you to invoke DNS to lookup a host or IP address.
• Whois – Script that Queries the InterNic Database for information on a particular host.
• chmod – Change access modes on files.
• csplit – Break files at specific locations.
• file – Determine a files type

• install – Set up system files.
• ln – Create filename aliases.
• rcp – Copy files to a remote system.
• split – Splits files evenly.
• banner – Make posters from words.
• pc – Precision Calculator.
• cal – Display Calendar.
• calendar – Check for reminders.
• kill – Terminate a running command.
• nice – Reduce a jobs priority.
• nohup – Preserve a job after logging out.
• passwd – Set a password.
• script – produce a transcript of your login session.
• spell – report misspelled words.
• su – Become a superuser.

Printing

• cancel – Cancel a printer request.
• lp – Send to the printer.
• lpstat – Get printer status.
• pr – Format and paginate for printing.

Searching

• egrep – Extended version of grep.
• fgrep – Search files for literal words.
• find – Search the systems for filenames.
• locate – GNU command used to find a file on the system.
• grep – Search files for text patterns.
• strings – Search binary files for text patterns.

Shell Programming

• echo – Repeat input on the output.
• expr – Perform arithmetic and comparisons.
• line – Read a line of input.
• sleep – Pause during processing.
• test – Test a condition.

Storage

• compress – Compress files to free up space.
• cpio – Copy archives in or out.
• pack – Pack files to free up space.
• pcat – Display contents of packed files.
• tar – Tape archiver.
• uncompress – Expand compressed (.Z) files.
• unpack – Expand packed (.z) files.
• zcat – Display contents of compressed files.

System Status

• at – Execute commands later.
• chgrp – Change file group.
• chown – Chang file owner.
• crontab – Automate commands.
• date – Display or set date.
• df – Show free disk space.
• du – Show disk usage.
• env – Show environmental variables.
• finger – Point out information about users.
• ps – Show processes.
• ruptime- Show loads on working systems.
• shutdown – Revert to single-user mode.
• stty – Set or display terminal settings.
• who – Show who is logged on.

Text Processing

• cut – Select columns for display.
• ex – Line-editor underlying vi.
• fmt – produce roughly uniform lines.
• fold – Produce exactly uniform line lengths.
• join – Merge different columns into a database.
• nawk – New version of awk.
• paste – Merge columns of switch order.
• sed – Noninte4active text editor.
• sort – Sort or merge files.
• tr – Translate characters.
• uniq – Find repeated or unique lines in a file.
• vi – Visual editor.
• xargs – Process many arguments in a manageable portions.